vasectomy
male sterilization by surgical excision of the vas deferens, the thin duct that carries sperm cells from the testicles to the prostate and the penis. Vasectomy is a popular method of birth control birth control, practice of contraception for the purpose of limiting reproduction.
Methods of Birth Control
Male birth control methods include withdrawal of the male before ejaculation (the oldest contraceptive technique) and use of the condom, a rubber sheath covering the penis. The condom, because of its use as a protection against sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS , has become a frequently used birth control device.
..... Click the link for more information. : in 1983, figures showed that approximately 10 million men had been sterilized in the U.S. since 1969. Excision of the vas deferens is a minor surgical procedure that can be performed in a physician's office in less than half an hour. A small incision is made on one side of the scrotum (the external sac housing the testes) and the vas deferens is located, cut, and the ends tied off. The incision is closed and the procedure is repeated on the other side. After surgery, it is necessary to wait until a negative sperm count is obtained before discarding other means of contraception, because viable sperm cells are retained in the seminal vesicles (the pair of storage pouches where sperm is mixed with other components of semen) and along the various sperm ducts. In addition it is usually advised that the patient be reexamined after a year, because the severed ends of the vas deferens occasionally reknit. Sterility resulting from vasectomy is considered to be permanent, and attempts at surgically reversing vasectomy, called vasovasotomy, have had limited success. In India, where the government is trying to stem the tide of overpopulation, money is paid to men who submit to voluntary vasectomy. Efforts to overcome the irreversibility of vasectomy have also led to experimentation with the implantation of faucetlike devices that can be made to open or close the sperm duct in a simple operation. Such devices have functioned successfully in animals but are still considered experimental in humans because of their unproved reversibility, high cost, and the degree of surgical skill needed to implant them. Another option suggested to those undergoing vasectomy is to preserve their fertility by depositing semen in sperm banks. Such semen samples are frozen in liquid nitrogen below -300°F; (-185°F;) and are considered to be viable for an indefinite period. However, there is considerable debate over the scientific and ethical aspects of sperm freezing, and the practice is still considered experimental. Researchers have examined the possible negative physiological effects of vasectomy, but there is no conclusive evidence that any link exists between the procedure and disease.
Vasectomy Reversal
Statistically, five to ten percent of the over 600,000 men who annually undergo a vasectomy, will choose to have theirs' reversed at some time. Vasectomy is the process by which the tube carrying sperm from the testicles out the penis is blocked. Vasectomy reversal is a micro-surgical procedure (done using an operating microscope) that requires up to 4 hours of operating time, wherein the tubes are reconnected, allowing sperm to pass through once again.
Before the development and refinement of microsurgical techniques, the results of vasectomy reversal were relatively poor. However, in recent years, with the development of better techniques and a larger pool of skilled microsurgeons to perform the reversal, excellent results can be obtained with a high chance of obtaining pregnancy. Vasectomy reversal is generally carried out in hospital using a general anesthetic. Success rates of reversal vary depending on the surgeon. The pregnancy rates after reversal on average are only about 50%. Costs for the surgery range from $5,000 to $20,000.
A vasectomy is a minor surgical procedure that causes male infertility. It involves cutting the two tubes that carry sperm from your testicles to your penis. These tubes are called the vas deferens. For more information on a vasectomy, please see the separate BUPA factsheet:
Vasectomy
A vasectomy should be considered a permanent operation. However, some men come to regret the operation and want it reversed - usually because they have a new partner, want more children or for other unforeseen circumstances.
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